Topics in cultural studies Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Topics in cultural studies - Essay Example some other strong reason of degradation of Latin in the twelfth century was associated with the emergence of unitary nations.The 12th century was the era of national development, the basis of which was laid by the previous evolution of feudalism, especially deep down its last period, when the distinctions between towns and villages became sharper there was a rapid growth of crafts, distribute and when migration of people skint the isolated nature of separate feudal states. New national cultures, that required angiotensin converting enzyme and full correspondence of all members of new societies, could non just preserve the former speech communication practice with its bilingualism, fragmented topical anesthetic dialects and dead literary language.In contrast to the linguistic fragmentation of the feudal period, a language unity through go forth a nation was required, and that common language could not be dead, it had to be capable of whippy and rapid development (Ruhlen, 1996). Three major problems, related to languages, appeared 1) creation and development of vernacular languages 2) studying and know contrary languages on an international scale 3) review of the Ancient linguistic heritage (Greenberg, 1972). At different peoples the process of formation of nations and vernacular languages progressed at different epochs and environments, at different speed and with different results. It depended in the beginning on the intensity of growth and decay of feudal relations in a country, composition of its existence and its geographical range. A significant role in the process belonged to lines of communication and cross-cultural companionship so, oceanic states (Italy, Holland, Spain and later on France and England) enteredthe path of transformations first (Baldi, 1983). The first eminent herald of the Latin language fall in literature was Dante Alighieri (1265-1321), who wrote the book of poems Vita nuova (The N ew Life,1290), dedicated to beloved Beatrice, in Italian, not Latin, and later defended the utilisation of the newnational language in the Latin tractate De vulgari eloquentia (On the Eloquence of Vernacular) and Italian II convivio (The Banquet), where he wrote that out of one thousand people who know Latin, only one is wise, others just use their knowledge pursuancemoney and honors. So, he wrote not in Latin but in Italian, as it was not the language of chosen ones but of the vast majority. According to Dante, the vernacular language was nobler than Latin, as it was natural and Latin - artificial.The nobleman Comedy by Dante, Petrarchs sonnets and The Decameron by Boccaccio, are a brilliant proof of the convenience and transcendence of the new national language (Wendell, 1980). In the new vernacular language the records of the great journeys of Columbus and Vespucci were written.A philosopher Giordano Bruno and Galileo, a scientist, also switched from Latin to the national lan guage.Galileo, defending his position, said that he saw no sine qua non in Latin books and works, as an ordinary person with a good native wit could not read them anyway. He also stated that by no means all technical trade terms could be expressed in Latin at the same time even the lather artisans and peasants knew that terminology in the national lang